Sou's brain activation

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2024/11/23 (Sat.)

Structure of Neocortex (大脳新皮質の構造)

Cerebrum has a role of decision-making.
In this page, I explain the structure of Brain Cortex.

Brain Cortex, especially Neocortex has six-layered structure.
In contrast, Limbic Cortex has three.
(And more precisely, In Neocortex, Association Area is clearly divided into six layers, but Sensorial Area or Motor Area the boundaries are fuzzy. )

By this structure, these regions can different functions at the same time.

Furthermore, Neocortex are composed of column-shaped assemblies of neurons.(0.5 mm width and 2 or 3 mm height)
Each Assembly’s neurons have functionally common property.
This assembly is called "Column" and it is fundmental unit.
And to extend the area, Neocortex has wrinkles or sulci.

If that helps, in the early 20th century,
Brodmann (German analyst) classified Neocortex into 52 parts by examining the layered structure, kind of neurons, alignment, and density.

So the classification is called “Brodmann’s Brain Map”




▲Outer surface

▲Inner surface

2010/07/15 (Thu.) Trackback() Comment(0) Brain

We are African

Last Monday’s early morning, the Spain soccer team won first prize of the FIFA World Cup Championship. Thorough This world Cup, We Japanese would feel a little bit closer to Africa.
But originally, we are deeply linked to Africa.

Because our mother’s mother’s mother’s ・・・ mother’s (about
150 thousand years ago) was one woman who lived in Africa.

We have our own DNA in our cells and also have mitochondrial
DNA. We inherit mitochondrial DNA from mother only.

By this theory, the fact we are commonly descended from
one woman and she lived in Africa was revealed.
(However it doesn’t mean that “all  human” were born from her.
People who were descendent from other mothers in same
generation were all died in past times.)


So we Japanese a little little litlle ・・・ little African.

2010/07/14 (Wed.) Trackback() Comment(0) 未選択

Brain’s Neuroanatomy 1

The human brain broadly divided into limbic cortex, cerebral neocortex.

Limbic cortex is mainly responsible for the output of instinctive affectivity (appetite, sleep drive, etc), motivation, control of autonomic nervous system (heart movement, breathing, etc), and memory.

Cerebral neocortex gets engaged in intellectual activities, sensation.

Now I explain about the relationship between the two areas.

Here is one example.
When one man exhibits a affectivity such as “I want to do something” , it is motivated by cingulate gyrus.

And then Cerebral neocortex considers “What should we do”.


After that, it asks to hippocampus in limbic cortex “Before, how did I do such situation?”

Hippocampus refers in a library in the brain and answer the question.

Then amygdala in limbic cortex decides the value.

Cerebral neocortex makes the program, and executes it.

The brain cerebration consists of such a process.

2010/06/15 (Tue.) Trackback() Comment(0) Brain

PEPSI LOGOMARK

ペプシネックスの新CMが今日から放送されるということと
前回のブログの内容（Smile）と関連して、
ペプシのロゴマークについて書きます。

まず、ペプシのロゴは2009年に変更されたのはご存知でしょうか？

前のロゴは



そして、現在のロゴ は



個人的には以下の3点で今のロゴの方が好きです。

・滑らかさが強調されており、飲んだ際に味のまろやかさが引き立つ
・マーク自体が笑顔を表しており、飲んだ瞬間の幸せな気持ちと
   リンクする
・それぞれのバリエーションに対して笑顔も異なっており、
   アイデンティティーの確立がなされている

飲むという行為は、幸せを感じる行為であり、それは安心感に繋がっています。それをロゴマークで表現したことは、企業の戦略としてよかったと思います。

このロゴ変更には5ヶ月間を用し、100万ドルの費用がかかったといいます。その過程では、ペプシの歴史を詳細に振り返り、かつ、カタチの美学を追求するために、人類5千余年のデザイン哲学の進化、息呑むブランド伝統、周囲波動との因果関係、ペプシ歴代ロゴのDNA解析、
貝殻・モナリザ・神殿に眠る黄金比、光の進路を曲げるペプシの引力、角度による表情の変化など、多くの検討を重ねています。
http://adage.com/images/random/0209/pepsi-arnell021109.pdf


結論は『笑顔』という簡潔なものでも、それを最初に発想した後は、
細やかでかつ深い思考力を使いながら多くの過程を経てかたちを決めているんですね。


As a new commercial of PEPSI NEX begins to be broadcasted
today and I stated about "Smile" at the before article,
I'll write about the logomark of PEPSI.

Do you know PEPSICO(the manufacturer of PEPSI) changed their
logomark in 2009?

Individually, I like the present one because of the following
3 points.

・The shape becomes smooth totally, so when you drink it,
   the fullness will be accented.
・As it expresses a smile, when drinking,
   it links to  the happy feeling.
・Different smiles are prepared for each item,
   so each identity has been established.

The act of drinking is equal to the act of feeling happiness,
and links to relief.
So the strategy is fit to beverage manufacturer.
   

To change logo, PEPSICO took 5 months and
cost a million dollars.

To do it, they took into consideration many items from lots of standpoint.
For example, they  looked back Their History in detail and pursued aesthetics of themselves by their Brand Heritage, Dynamic of Perimeter Oscillations, Human Philosophy History of Design for 5000 years, Iconic Geometry, Tracing the Pepsi DNA, Golden Ratio hided in the Parthenon・Mona Liza・Nautilus Shell, Gravitational Attraction Pull, The Variation of Facial Expression by Changing Angle, 

Their conclusion was simple, but after they get an idea
they use sensitive and deep intellects,
and go thorough lots of phase.

2010/06/12 (Sat.) Trackback() Comment(0) 未選択

Smile(笑顔)

笑顔

笑うという行為

これは先天的なものでしょうか。はたまた成長過程で獲得する後天的な
ものなのでしょうか。

笑いは何らかのコミュニケーション内で生じるもの、つまり社会的な
関わりの中で発せられるものなので、後天性のようにも思えます。

一方、生後1月未満の一般的な新生児は、何も教えられていないのに
ほほえむことが知られています。これは新生児微笑と呼ばれています。

この事実からすると、笑いは人間の遺伝情報として存在していると
考えるのが妥当だと考えます。

笑うとき、また逆に笑顔を向けられたとき、僕は警戒心や憂鬱感が
消えて、入れ替わりに何か安心感のようなものを感じます。
初対面でもよく笑う人とは自然と打ち解けちゃいますよね。


チャールズ・ダーウィンもその著書の中で、
以下のような仮説を立てています。

猿の群れは、天敵を発見したときや襲ってきたときに警告の叫び声を
挙げます。その後、敵が去っていったときやそれが間違いであった場合
には、ニヤッっと顔の筋肉を弛緩させた表情や笑い声のような独特な声
を出します。これは群れの他の仲間たちに向けた、安全であるという
信号だと考えるのが自然です。

以上のように、笑いの起源は集団生活や社会性と強く関連していると
考えられます。

『笑い』→『安心感』

安心感の場を広げるために笑うという表現が遺伝情報内に存在している
のならば、『安心感』というものがそれだけ人間にとって重要だ
といえます。

だとすれば、デザインの行為にも安心感という要素はかなり大事だ
ということになる気がします。



Smile

Act of Smile

Is it inborn, or acquired in the process of growing?

One hand, you can think it’s acquired because it is occurred through communication with others, relations in society.

On the other hand, newborn infants often crack a smile though they are
not taught to do so.

Judging from the fact, it’s appropriate that Smile exists in the human
genetic information.

When I smile or when we are smiled, 
my wariness or depressed feeling are disappeared,
and instead, something like relief occurred.
If someone who you met for the first time often smiles,
you open open up to him, don’t you?

   
Charles Darwin said in his book such a following effect.

In group of Apes, Some of them shout alert  when they found or
are threatened by natural predators.
And after they quit or when it’s mistake,
they relax their facial muscle and give expression like a grin or laugh.
It is natural to think the act is a sign tell their associates
in the group safety.

As stated above, the origin of Smile is deeply connected to
group living or sociality.

『Smile』→『Relief』

If smile exists in genetic information for the purpose of
enlarging the relief field, relief is important for the reason alone.

I think it’s also significant for Acts of design .

2010/06/10 (Thu.) Trackback() Comment(0) 未選択